Legality Map

The ever-changing laws and regulations concerning the decriminalization of entheogenic plants, fungi, and psychedelic substances vary by city and state. These policies and restrictions impacting people’s lives infringe upon our individual freedoms and sovereign liberties as mature individuals with the capacity to make informed personal decisions.

We believe the desire to explore and alter our psyche within the realm of psychotropic substances for personal betterment and growth is innate and fundamental to the human condition. Now more than ever, society is embracing these psychedelic substances as therapeutic tools and nootropics to be utilized in the fields of mental health and scientific research.

While there are exceptional news resources covering the groundwork of decriminalization advocates, rest assured that MushMaps will supply the most current information regarding the present laws, future framework and past regulatory statutes affecting us – all in one place.

Legality Map

World Map

The Failed War on Drugs

October 27, 1970

The Controlled Substances Act

The Controlled Substances Act (CSA) is signed into law, thus starting the War on Drugs and establishing the false narrative that psychedelics and entheogens have a high potential for abuse and absolutely no medicinal value. In 1971, The Convention on Psychotropic Substances met in Vienna to internationally schedule psychedelic and entheogenic substances on a federal level in most places, bringing the War on Drugs to the global stage. In 1978 the US amended the CSA to ensure international compliance and in 1984 also enacted the Comprehensive Crime Act to further enforce controlled substances.

October 27, 1986

The Designer Drug Laws

The Designer Drugs Laws are signed into effect, which generally criminalize precursors, analogs, derivatives, and psychoactive chemicals on the federal level as part of the Controlled Substances Act. In 1988 the UN strengthens its international regulations, perpetuating the War on Drugs and enacts restrictions on psychotropic substances.

November 16, 1993

The US Protects Religious Entheogenic Freedom

The Religious Freedom Restoration Act (RFRA) passes, protecting the rights of indigenous groups and churches to legally exempt the use of ayahuasca, DMT, and mescaline-containing plants.

November 5, 1996

California Legalizes Medical Marijuana

California passes Senate Bill 420, becoming the first US state to legalize medical marijuana and helping to set the stage for entheogenic destigmatization and decriminalization in the coming decades.

July 1, 2001

Portugal Decriminalizes All Drugs

Portugal takes a harm reduction approach on the federal level and decriminalizes all drugs.

January 1, 2011

The Global Commission on Drug Policy

A panel of world leaders and intellectuals is established in order to emphasize that the global War on Drugs has officially failed and that pragmatic new approaches must be taken regarding drug policy. The commission advocates decriminalizing drug use by those who pose no harm to others and provides an informed, science-based discussion at the international level regarding humane and effective ways to reduce the harm caused by drugs to people and societies.

December 6, 2012

Two US States Legalize Cannabis

On December 6th and 10th of 2012 Washington State and Colorado legalized recreational cannabis use.

December 23, 2013

Uruguay Federally Legalizes Cannabis

Uruguay becomes the first country in the modern era to federally legalize cannabis.

February 24, 2015

A Storm of Cannabis Legalization

Between 2015 and 2020, state cannabis legalization and taxation acts were passed in Alaska, Washington, D.C., Oregon, California, Massachusetts, Nevada, Maine, Vermont, Michigan & Illinois. Currently 19 states and D.C. have legalized recreational use and 38 states and D.C. have legalized medical marijuana.

October 17, 2018

The Great Green North

Canada becomes the second country to legalize cannabis on the federal level and the first G7 and G20 country to do so.

October, 2018

A Break in the Mold

The Food and Drug Administration grants psilocybin "breakthrough therapy" status, enabling research for Treatment-Resistant Depression (TRD) where the compound shows superior results to traditional SSRI medications.

December 20, 2018

THE Farm Bill

Following the 2014 Farm Bill, the 2018 Farm Bill federally legalizes and reschedules hemp derived (0.3%) THC and CBD.

May 7, 2019

The Veil is Broken

Denver, CO becomes the first US city to decriminalize psilocybin mushrooms by deprioritizing possession, restricting law enforcement from using any funds or resources to pursue criminal charges.

June 4, 2019

Not to be Outdone...

Oakland, CA becomes the first US city to fully decriminalize entheogenic plants and fungi use by deprioritizing possession, restricting law enforcement from using any funds or resources to pursue criminal charges.

November, 2019

Leap Frog

Psilocybin is granted "breakthrough therapy" status by the FDA yet again, this time for Major Depressive Disorder (MDD). This is the second major recognition at the federal level for displaying psilocybin's superior medicinal value to SSRIs, despite still being classified as Schedule I controlled substance internationally.

January 28, 2020

Propagating Progress

Santa Cruz becomes the second California city to decriminalize possession psychoactive plants and fungi by making entheogens the lowest law enforcement priority.

March 1, 2020

Colorado Reduces Possession Limits

Colorado passes legislation to reduce the penalty from a felony to a misdemeanor for 4 grams or less of any scheduled substance. While this was enacted as a harm reduction approach, there is currently a call to recriminalize fentanyl. The bill has widely been regarded as a successful progressive measure.

September 21, 2020

Through the Looking Glass

Ann Arbor, MI becomes the next city to decriminalize naturally occurring psychedelics and to deprioritize law enforcement.

November 3, 2020

Ending the Stigma and Cultivating the Enigma

Oregon passes Measures 109 and 110, effectively legalizing therapeutic and medicinal psilocybin in 2023 and decriminalizing all drugs immediately. On the same election night, Washington D.C. decriminalizes natural plant medicines and deprioritizes possession of entheogenic substances.

November 30, 2020

So Glad You Made It

Between November 2020 and July 2021 state cannabis legalization sees consistent progress with Arizona, Montana, New Jersey, New York, New Mexico, Connecticut, & Virginia following suit.

January 12, 2021

An Unstoppable Tidal Wave

Between 2021 and 2022, entheogens and psilocybin continue to be decriminalized across cities in Michigan, Massachusetts, California, and Washington. New Jersey has reduced the statewide penalty for psilocybin possession, and Connecticut and Texas both have enacted bills to allow research into psychedelics for therapeutic purposes.

May 28, 2021

US Federal Cannabis Legalization

The Marijuana Opportunity Reinvestment and Expungement (MORE) Act is an active legislative bill to legalize cannabis at the federal level in the United States. The bill has currently passed the House of Representatives and is expected to be heard in the Senate in 2022.

January 5, 2022

Canada Eases Access to Compassionate Care

Canada enacts palliative psilocybin care as part of its end-of-life Special Access Program. The drug regulations amended under the Special Access Program allows the use of psychedelics, including MDMA and psilocybin, which were restricted to clinical trials until now. Canadian health regulators announced that the government would allow physicians to request access to these restricted drugs due to emerging research supporting psychedelic therapeutic treatment, ending restriction and easing access for patients with serious or life-threatening medical conditions where conventional therapies have failed.

2022

And The Beat Goes On...

This list of active entheogen and psilocybin decriminalization bills between 2020 and 2022 keeps growing. Currently Washington, Virginia, Kansas, Oklahoma, Iowa, Missouri, Georgia, Florida, Maryland, Pennsylvania, New York, Rhode Island, Vermont, Hawaii, Massachusetts, Michigan, Colorado, & California have active and tabled bills. The future is looking bright, and there is much work still to be done!

All entheogens Legalities

5-MeO-DMT

Though not normally named specifically in modern decriminalization statutes, 5-MeO-DMT can be found in entheogenic plants, animals, fungi and lichen. While this molecule is Most well-known for coming from the Sonoran Desert Toad, it has been traditionally used as yopo and vilca snuff derived from entheogenic plants, and is also available via synthetic production. Although the parotid gland secretions of the Sonoran Desert Toad contain 5-MeO-DMT and bufotenin, both are able to be synthesized. These manufactured substitutes would be preferable for larger scale therapeutic use, for the sake of protecting these threatened toads and the native cultures that revere them. Most legislation refers to entheogenic plants and fungi as the vessels for the experiences. It can thus be inferred that 5-MeO-DMT is to be understood in these entheogen measures. Always be sure to sustainably source and participate in deprioritized cultural rituals with respect and appreciation for the teacher plants. “Follow plants not gurus.” – Terence McKenna

LEGALITY

Decriminalized

California (Oakland, Santa Cruz, Arcata)
Massachusetts (Somerville, Cambridge, Northampton, Easthampton)
Michigan (Ann Arbor, Washtenaw County, Detroit, Hazel Park)
Oregon
Washington (Seattle, Port Townsend)
Washington D.C.
Portugal
Uruguay

Reduced Penalty

Colorado
Washington

LEGISLATION

Passed

Hazel Park, MI Resolution Supporting Entheogenic Plant Practices (March 22, 2022)
Utah – House Bill 167 (Jan 17, 2022)
Canada – Section 56 Exemption (CDSA) Special Access Program (January 5, 2022)
Washington – Senate Bill 5476 (January 5, 2022)
Port Townsend, WA – Resolution No. 21-088 (December 20, 2021)
Detroit, MI – Proposal E (November 2, 2021)
Seattle, WA – Resolution 32021 (October 4, 2021)
Easthampton, MA – Non-Binding Resolution (October 20, 2021)
Arcata, CA – Resolution 212-17 (October 2021)
Northampton, MA – Resolution R021.207 (March, 18 2021)
Cambridge, MA – Policy Order POR 2021 #24 (February 3, 2021)
Washtenaw County, MI – Policy Directive 2021-06 (January 12, 2021)
Somerville, MA – Agenda Item 211137 (January 14, 2021)
Washington D.C. – Initiative Measure 81 (November 3, 2020)
Oregon – Ballot Measure110 (November 3, 2020)
Ann Arbor – Resolution 20-1389 (September 21, 2020)
Santa Cruz – Resolution No. NS-26,032 (January 28, 2020)
Oakland, CA – Resolution No. 87731 CMS (June 4, 2019)

Active

Amherst, MA – Proposal (2022)
Washington – Senate Bill 5476 (2022)
Washington – Initiative 1922 (March 11, 2022)
Maryland – HB 1054 & SB 0784 (March 8, 2022)
Rhode Island – HB 7896 (March 4, 2022)
Missouri – HB 2469 (January 18, 2022)
Florida – HB 725 (Collateral Consequences of Convictions and Decriminalization of Cannabis and All Drugs Act) (November 23, 2021)
Michigan – SB 631 (September 2, 2021)
New York – No. A7928 (June 1, 2021)
Massachusetts – House Bill No. 2119 & House Bill No. 1494 [HD 3439 & SD 2248 (An Act Relative to Harm Reduction and Racial Justice)] (March 29, 2021)
Rhode Island – SB 604 (March 11, 2021)
Michigan – Ballot Initiative amending Public Health Code with Section 333.7462 (February 21, 2022)

Failed

Maine – HP 713 (LD 967)
Michigan – Decriminalization of Psilocybin Mushrooms and Other Plants and Fungi Initiative (February 2, 2022)
California – SB 519 (February 17, 2021)
Chicago, IL – R2019-735 (January 28, 2020)

Learn More

Ayahuasca

Ayahuasca is a brew of plants consisting of N, N-DMT and MAOI. It is a South American traditional entheogenic concoction which enables DMT to be orally active. Though we are unsure of how far back ceremonial and traditional use dates, it is hypothesized to be thousands of years. Within the last half century or so, Western ethnobotanists like Terence and Dennis McKenna have spent time with indigenous cultures and their healers in an effort to learn about and participate in these ceremonies so that they may share them with the world and bring about positive healing change. Anyone that believes in the power and potential of these medicines owes an immeasurable debt of gratitude to the Peoples that discovered them and pioneered their use. In 1993 the Religious Freedom Restoration Act (RFRA) was signed into law, which effectively protects the use of entheogenic substances like ayahuasca within religious ceremonies in the US and safeguards the individual’s right to do so. Today, there are many retreat centers across North and South America specializing in the traditional ayahuasca ceremony in its time-honored and original form.

Though there are a multitude of ornamental and decorative plants which are legal and contain DMT, these plants are named specifically in Louisiana State Act 159:
Anadenanthera colubrina (DMT)
Banisteriopsis caapi (MAOI)
Mimosa hostilis (DMT)
Peganum harmala (DMT)
Tetrapteris methystica (DMT)

LEGALITY

Legal

Brazil
Costa Rica
Mexico
Peru

Decriminalized

Religious Exemption

Canada
United States

Decorative Plant Exemption

Louisiana
Latvia
Sweden

LEGISLATION

Passed

Active

Washington – Senate Bill 5476 (2022)
Amherst, MA – Proposal (2022)
Washington – Initiative 1922 (March 11, 2022)
Missouri – HB 2850 (March 1, 2022)
Michigan – Ballot Initiative amending Public Health Code with Section 333.7462 (February 21, 2022)
Missouri – HB 2469 (January 18, 2022)
Missouri – HB 2429 (January 1, 2022)
Boulder, CO – Initiative 61 (January, 2022)
Colorado – Initiative 49 & Initiative 50 (December, 2021)
Florida – HB 725 (Collateral Consequences of Convictions and Decriminalization of Cannabis and All Drugs Act) (November 23, 2021)
Michigan – SB 631 (September 2, 2021)
New York – No. A7928 (June 1, 2021)
Massachusetts – House Bill No. 2119 & House Bill No. 1494 [HD 3439 & SD 2248 (An Act Relative to Harm Reduction and Racial Justice)] (March 29, 2021)
Rhode Island – SB 604 (March 11, 2021)
Rhode Island – HB 7896 (March 4, 2022)
Vermont – HB H.309 (February 23, 2021)

Failed

Maine – HP 713 (LD 967)
Michigan – Decriminalization of Psilocybin Mushrooms and Other Plants and Fungi Initiative (February 2, 2022)
Missouri – HB 1176 (February 18, 2021)
California – SB 519 (February 17, 2021)
Chicago, IL – R2019-735 (January 28, 2020)

Learn More

Cannabis

Cannabis has a rich history as an entheogenic plant dating back thousands of years and has been intertwined with much of humanity’s development as a species. It was criminalized in 1970 with the Controlled Substances Act- a racist, classist, and politically-manipulative measure by the administration’s own admission. After decades of grassroots legalization efforts and activism with little concrete results, California was the first state to allow the use and sale of medical marijuana for qualified patients with the passing of SB420 and Prop 215. Other states would soon follow suit with their own legislations. As of June 2022, three-quarters of states allow for some kind of medical exemptions for cannabis, and many have voted to decriminalize or legalize for recreational purposes. Although it sometimes seems to fall by the wayside in comparison to the breakthrough status that psilocybin is currently enjoying, cannabis is undergoing a cultural renaissance all its own. Despite it becoming more common in recreational and social settings, is not to be taken lightly as it is a seriously powerful entheogenic plant responsible for many life changing perception shifts and experiences throughout history, as its properties are still greatly affecting the human experience.

LEGALITY

Legal

Alaska
Arizona
California
Colorado
Connecticut
Illinois
Maine
Massachusetts
Michigan
Montana
Nevada
New Jersey
New Mexico
New York
Oregon
Rhode Island
Vermont
Virginia
Washington
Washington D.C.
Australia (Australian Capital Territory)
Canada
Georgia
Malta
Mexico
South Africa
Uruguay

Decriminalized

Delaware
Hawaii
Louisiana
Maryland
Minnesota
Montana
New Hampshire
North Carolina
North Dakota
Ohio
Antigua and Barbuda
Argentina
Australia (Northern Territory & Southern Australia)
Austria
Belgium
Belize
Bermuda
Bolivia
Chile
Colombia
Costa Rica
Croatia
Czech Republic
Dominica
Ecuador
Estonia
Israel
Italy
Jamaica
Luxembourg
Moldova
Netherlands
Paraguay
Peru
Portugal
Saint Kitts and Nevis
Saint Lucia
Saint Vincent and The Grenadines
Slovakia
Spain
Trinidad and Tobago

Medical Exemption

Alabama
Arkansas
Delaware
Florida
Hawaii
Louisiana
Maryland
Minnesota
Missouri
Montana
New Hampshire
North Dakota
Ohio
Oklahoma
Pennsylvania
South Dakota
Utah
West Virginia
Argentina
Australia
Barbados
Bermuda
Brazil
Chile
Colombia
Costa Rica
Croatia
Cyprus
Czech Republic
Denmark
Ecuador
Estonia
Finland
Germany
Ghana
Greece
India
Ireland
Israel
Italy
Jamaica
Lebanon
Lithuania
Luxembourg
Malawi
Morocco
Netherlands
New Zealand
North Macedonia
Norway
Pakistan (CBD)
Panama
Peru
Philippines
Poland
Portugal
Romania
Rwanda
Saint Vincent and The Grenadines
San Marino
Singapore
Slovakia
South Korea
Spain
Sri Lanka
Sweden
Switzerland
Thailand
Turkey
Ukraine
United Kingdom
Uruguay
Vanuatu
Zambia
Zimbabwe

Religious Exemption

Barbados
India
Nepal

LEGISLATION

Passed

Virginia – Senate Bill 1406 (July 1, 2021)
Connecticut – Senate Bill 1201 (July 1, 2021)
New Mexico – House Bill 2 (June 29, 2021)
New York – The Marijuana Regulation and Taxation Act (March 31, 2021)
New Jersey – Question 1 The Constitutional Amendment To Legalize Marijuana (February 22, 2021)
Montana – Montana I-190 The Montana Marijuana Legalization and Tax Initiative ( January 1, 2020)
Arizona – Proposition 207 (November 3, 2020)
United States – 2018 Farm Bill (December 20, 2018)
Canada – Bill C-45 The Cannabis Act (October 17, 2018)
Illinois – House Bill 1438 The Cannabis Regulation and Tax Act (January 1, 2020)
Michigan – Proposal 1 The Michigan Regulation and Taxation of Marijuana Act (December 6, 2018)
Vermont – S. 64 (July 1, 2018)
Maine – Question 1 (January 30, 2017)
Nevada – Question 2 (January 1, 2017)
Massachusetts – Question 4 The Massachusetts Legalization, Regulation and Taxation of Marijuana Initiative (December 15, 2016)
California – Proposition 64 Control, Regulate and Tax Adult Use of Marijuana Act (AUMA) (November 9, 2016)
Oregon – Ballot Measure 91 (July 1, 2015)
Washington D.C. – Initiative 71 (February 6, 2015)
Alaska – Measure 2 (February 24, 2015)
Colorado – Amendment 64 (December 10, 2012)
Washington – Initiative 502 (December 6, 2012)
California – Proposition 215 S.B. 420: The Compassionate Use Act (November 5, 1996)

Active

United States – H.R.3617 The MORE Act (May 28, 2021)

Learn More

DMT

N, N-DMT is the powerhouse entheogenic tryptamine compound which was made famous in the 1990s following the first government-sanctioned psychedelic research study since the 1970s. DMT is the active ingredient in ayahuasca and has since been proven to be present in the human body in trace amounts, though recent studies are discovering neurotransmitter-like abundant levels of the molecule. DMT is also found copiously in nature as an indole alkaloid and is found in tryptamine-biosynthesizing plants, animals and fungi. DMT-containing plants and fungi are understood to be included in entheogenic legislative measures. DMT is typically encountered as an isolated extraction from such plants, usually a white to yellow crystalline powder with a distinct odor that many liken to new shoes or mothballs. It can also be manufactured into a liquid solution for intravenous use as was the case in Rick Strassman’s clinical studies in the early 1990s.

LEGALITY

Legal

Brazil
Costa Rica
Mexico
Peru

Decriminalized

Religious Exemption

Canada
United States

Decorative Plant Exemption

Louisiana
Latvia
Sweden

LEGISLATION

Passed

Active

Amherst, MA – Proposal (2022)
Washington – Senate Bill 5476 (2022)
Washington – Initiative 1922 (March 11, 2022)
Maryland – HB 1054 & SB 0784 (March 8, 2022)
Rhode Island – HB 7896 (March 4, 2022)
Missouri – HB 2850 (March 1, 2022)
Iowa – HF 636 (February 23, 2021)
Michigan – Ballot Initiative amending Public Health Code with Section 333.7462 (February 21, 2022)
Iowa – HF 480 (February 11, 2021)
Missouri – HB 2469 (January 18, 2022)
Missouri – HB 2429 (January 1, 2022)
Boulder, CO – Initiative 61 (January, 2022)
Colorado – Initiative 49 & Initiative 50 (December, 2021)
Florida – HB 725 (Collateral Consequences of Convictions and Decriminalization of Cannabis and All Drugs Act) (November 23, 2021)
Michigan – SB 631 (September 2, 2021)
New York – No. A7928 (June 1, 2021)
Massachusetts – House Bill No. 2119 & House Bill No. 1494 [HD 3439 & SD 2248 (An Act Relative to Harm Reduction and Racial Justice)] (March 29, 2021)
Rhode Island – SB 604 (March 11, 2021)
Vermont – HB H.309 (February 23, 2021)

Failed

Learn More

Ibogaine

The Iboga tree is indigenous to Gabon in Western Africa and has been utilized by the Bwiti tribes for centuries, possibly much longer. The root bark is ground and consumed and has been used for a multitude of ailments and conditions, most notably addiction and depression treatment. There have been reports of associated toxicity levels and it should be regarded with extreme caution as this entheogenic experience is traditionally very ritualistic and can last multiple days. Please vet and personally qualify any practitioner working with this substance.

LEGALITY

Legal

Costa Rica
Finland
Mexico
Netherlands

Decriminalized

Medical Exemption

Australia
Brazil
Canada
Denmark
Germany
New Zealand
South Africa

Reduced Penalty

Colorado
Washington

LEGISLATION

Passed

Active

Amherst, MA – Proposal (2022)
Washington – Senate Bill 5476 (2022)
Washington – Initiative 1922 (March 11, 2022)
Maryland – HB 1054 & SB 0784 (March 8, 2022)
Rhode Island – HB 7896 (March 4, 2022)
Missouri – HB 2850 (March 1, 2022)
Michigan – Ballot Initiative amending Public Health Code with Section 333.7462 (February 21, 2022)
Missouri – HB 2469 (January 18, 2022)
Virginia – House Bill 898 (January 12, 2022)
Missouri – HB 2429 (January 1, 2022)
Boulder, CO – Initiative 61 (January, 2022)
Colorado – Initiative 49 & Initiative 50 (December, 2021)
Florida – HB 725 (Collateral Consequences of Convictions and Decriminalization of Cannabis and All Drugs Act) (November 23, 2021)
Michigan – SB 631 (September 2, 2021)
New York – No. A7928 (June 1, 2021)
Massachusetts – House Bill No. 2119 & House Bill No. 1494 [HD 3439 & SD 2248 (An Act Relative to Harm Reduction and Racial Justice)] (March 29, 2021)
Rhode Island – SB 604 (March 11, 2021)
Iowa – HF 636 (February 23, 2021)

Failed

Learn More

Ketamine

Ketamine is an anesthetic historically used in medicine during the Vietnam War and is currently the only psychedelic which is legal for off-label medical prescriptions. It is utilized by licensed physicians to assist in psychedelic-assisted therapy for major depressive disorder (MDD) and is becoming widely available at clinics across North America. Esketamine, an enantiomer of ketamine, is also widely available as a nasal spray, called Sprovato, which is marketed by Johnson & Johnson.

LEGALITY

Decriminalized

Portugal
Uruguay

Medical Exemptio

United States
Australia
Belgium
Canada
China
Czech Republic
Denmark
Germany
Poland
Spain
Switzerland
Turkey
United Kingdom

LEGISLATION

Passed

Utah – House Bill 167 (Jan 17, 2022)
Canada – Section 56 Exemption (CDSA) Special Access Program (January 5, 2022)
Texas – House Bill 1802 (June 18, 2021)

Active

Florida – SB 348 and HB 193 (Using Alternative Therapies to Treat Mental Health and Other Medical Conditions) (March 14, 2022)

Failed

California – SB 519 (February 17, 2021)

Learn More

Kratom

Kratom is a tropical evergreen tree native to Southeast Asia, whose leaves are utilized to make a coffee-mimicking stimulant, and has also been used as an aid in addiction treatment and recovery. It remains legal in the United States, though there have been attempts at the state, federal and international level to outlaw the plant altogether. While not a traditional entheogen, we at MushMaps feel that personal use of plants and fungi for entheogenic, dependency-treatment conditions, and overall holistic health and healing is a personal choice which merits respect. The toxicity reports on this plant are spotty, but personal research and consultation of a physician is always recommended prior to beginning use of any substance.

LEGALITY

Legal

United States Legal (excluding Alabama, Arkansas, Indiana, Rhode Island, Vermont, Wisconsin and other regional exceptions)
Australia
Belgium
Brazil
Canada (Non-Consumption)
Chile
China
Colombia
Costa Rica
Czech Republic
Germany (Non-Consumption)
Greece
India
Indonesia
Malta
Mexico
Netherlands
North Macedonia
Peru
Slovakia
Spain
Ukraine
Uruguay

Decriminalized

Portugal

Medical Exemption

Denmark
New Zealand
Thailand

Learn More

LSD

While internationally illegal, LSD is decriminalized and deprioritized regionally in accordance with statutes creating possession limits and allowances, including some that contain clauses that cover “all substances.” First synthesized in 1938, it wasn’t until 1943 that Albert Hofmann had his infamous first experience which would eventually allow the potent psychedelic compound to permeate into therapy sessions and research institutes across the world until eventually fueling the western cultural revolution of the 1960s. Typically synthesized as a liquid, it is most commonly found on blotter paper or in gelatin tablets (although it can be applied to almost anything consumable). Extremely high-purity samples may be crystalline. LSD and mescaline were the prototypical compounds being studied in therapeutic applications until the Controlled Substances Act of 1970 halted decades of promising research which is only just being resumed today.

LEGALITY

Decriminalized

Oregon
Czech Republic
Portugal
Uruguay

Reduced Penalty

Colorado
Washington

LEGISLATION

Passed

Utah – House Bill 167 (Jan 17, 2022)
Canada – Section 56 Exemption (CDSA) Special Access Program (January 5, 2022)
Washington – Senate Bill 5476 (January 5, 2022)
Oregon – Ballot Measure110 (November 3, 2020)
Colorado – HB19-1263 (March 1, 2020)

Active

Failed

Maine – HP 713 (LD 967)
Missouri – HB 1176 (February 18, 2021)
California – SB 519 (February 17, 2021)

Learn More

MDMA

Known as the empathogen or entactogen of modern psychedelics, MDMA is known for producing experiences of intensely intimate emotional connection, openness and acceptance – prompting surreal understandings of empathy and sympathy during these entheogenic revelations. It is the primary active compound found in common ecstasy pills, although these questionably-sourced tablets are well-known to contain a myriad of other drugs as well that may put the user’s health and well-being at risk. First synthesized by Anton Kölsch in 1912, MDMA is a phenethylamine which was used primarily in underground psychedelic-assisted therapy sessions in the 1970s until its scheduling under the designer drug laws. This legislation arbitrarily enacted sweeping ordinances which could have technically qualified a turkey sandwich as a precursor to hallucinogenic compounds that can propel the user into another reality altogether. Regardless, this beautiful molecule has been championed in FDA breakthrough-status clinical trials and will hopefully be commercially available as a prescription treatment in the next few years.

LEGALITY

Decriminalized

Oregon
Czech Republic
Portugal
Uruguay

Reduced Penalty

Colorado
Washington

LEGISLATION

Passed

Connecticut – House Bill 5506 (May 7, 2022)
Utah – House Bill 167 (Jan 17, 2022)
Canada – Section 56 Exemption (CDSA) Special Access Program (January 5, 2022)
Washington – Senate Bill 5476 (January 5, 2022)
Texas – House Bill 1802 (June 18, 2021)
Oregon – Ballot Measure110 (November 3, 2020)
Colorado – HB19-1263 (March 1, 2020)

Active

Amherst, MA – Proposal (2022)
Washington – Senate Bill 5476 (2022)
Florida – SB 348 and HB 193 (Using Alternative Therapies to Treat Mental Health and Other Medical Conditions) (March 14, 2022)
Washington – Initiative 1922 (March 11, 2022)
Maryland – HB 1054 & SB 0784 (March 8, 2022)
Rhode Island – HB 7896 (March 4, 2022)
Michigan – Ballot Initiative amending Public Health Code with Section 333.7462 (February 21, 2022)
Missouri – HB 2469 (January 18, 2022)
Missouri – HB 2429 (January 1, 2022)
Florida – HB 725 (Collateral Consequences of Convictions and Decriminalization of Cannabis and All Drugs Act) (November 23, 2021)
New York – No. A7928 (June 1, 2021)
Rhode Island – SB 604 (March 11, 2021)
Iowa – HF 480 (February 11, 2021)

Failed

Maine – HP 713 (LD 967)
Missouri – HB 1176 (February 18, 2021)
California – SB 519 (February 17, 2021)

Learn More

Mescaline

Mescaline is the parent compound of the phenethylamine family and was the initial torch that lit the way for psychedelics to entice the Western world after Aldous Huxley authored The Doors of Perception, detailing his experience with the molecule. Mescaline has been integral in entheogenic use throughout the Americas, present in the form of multiple cactus species. Today there are conservation efforts in place to preserve the threatened ecosystems in the US and Mexico. The Religious Freedom Restoration Act (RFRA) of 1993 allowed the entheogenic use of ayahuasca, DMT, and mescaline in religious ceremonies and contexts. Currently, the Native American Church reserves the right to conserve and perpetuate threatened natural peyote and mescaline-containing cacti species, as is their birthright.

Peyote (Lophophora williamsii) is illegal but other mescaline containing cacti are legal as ornamental, decorative, or gardening/landscape purposes.
Louisiana State Act 159 outlaws hallucinogenic plants unless for ornamental, decorative, or gardening/landscape purposes.

LEGALITY

Legal

Ukraine

Decriminalized

Reduced Penalty

Colorado
Washington

Religious Exemption

United States

Decorative Plant Exemption

Australia
Canada
France
Germany
Italy
Netherlands
New Zealand
Sweden
Thailand
United Kingdom
United States

LEGISLATION

Passed

Active

Amherst, MA – Proposal (2022)
Washington – Senate Bill 5476 (2022)
Washington – Initiative 1922 (March 11, 2022)
Maryland – HB 1054 & SB 0784 (March 8, 2022)
Rhode Island – HB 7896 (March 4, 2022)
Missouri – HB 2850 (March 1, 2022)
Michigan – Ballot Initiative amending Public Health Code with Section 333.7462 (February 21, 2022)
Missouri – HB 2469 (January 18, 2022)
Virginia – House Bill 898 (January 12, 2022)
Missouri – HB 2429 (January 1, 2022)
Boulder, CO – Initiative 61 (January, 2022)
Colorado – Initiative 49 & Initiative 50 (December, 2021)
Florida – HB 725 (Collateral Consequences of Convictions and Decriminalization of Cannabis and All Drugs Act) (November 23, 2021)
Michigan – SB 631 (September 2, 2021)
New York – No. A7928 (June 1, 2021)
Massachusetts – House Bill No. 2119 & House Bill No. 1494 [HD 3439 & SD 2248 (An Act Relative to Harm Reduction and Racial Justice)] (March 29, 2021)
Rhode Island – SB 604 (March 11, 2021)
Vermont – HB H.422 (March 10, 2021)
Vermont – HB H.309 (February 23, 2021)
Iowa – HF 636 (February 23, 2021)
Iowa – HF 480 (February 11, 2021)

Failed

Learn More

Psilocybin

Psilocybin is the active compound in entheogenic mushrooms and the prodrug of psilocin, the molecule responsible for the psychedelic effects and therapeutic benefits of the substance. These fungi have been involved in human history all over the world, as is apparent in cave paintings and petroglyphs as well as multiple other historical artifacts. The West was first introduced to hallucinogenic mushrooms inadvertently through a documented velada performed by curandera Maria Sabina in the 1950s. They soon took over pop culture as an arcane psychedelic resource that could only be foraged. This all changed in the 1980s when Terence and Dennis McKenna brought back spores from the Amazon rainforest and also penned a short pamphlet, Psilocybin: Magic Mushroom Grower’s Guide, which taught any novice how to cultivate mushrooms in their own home. Since this mid-prohibition renaissance, the entire world has been introduced to the perception-shifting experience of psychedelic mushrooms, their cultivation, and the expanding taxonomy and current microscopy research of fungal spores. Today, psilocybin has been granted FDA breakthrough status for treatment-resistant depression (TRD) and major depressive disorder (MDD) and is on the fast track to being commercially available as a prescription treatment for medical conditions and therapeutic use.

LEGALITY

Legal

Bahamas
Brazil (Fungal Species)
British Virgin Islands
Costa Rice (Undefined)
Israel (non-Consumption)
Jamaica
Nepal
Philippines
Samoa

Decriminalized

Reduced Penalty

Colorado
New Jersey
Washington

Medical Exemption

Canada

Religious Exemption

Brazil (Psilocybin)
Canada
Mexico

Legal Exemptions:

Spores
Australia
Canada
Chile
France
Germany
Italy
Japan
Mexico
Netherlands
Poland
South Africa
Sri Lanka
Sweden
Ukraine
United Kingdom

Fungal Species

Brazil
Poland

Grow Kits

Canada
Chile
Italy
Mexico
Poland
South Africa
Sweden

Mycelium

Chile
Mexico
Sweden

Truffle

Netherlands

LEGISLATION

Passed

Hazel Park, MI Resolution Supporting Entheogenic Plant Practices (March 22, 2022)
Connecticut – House Bill 5506 (May 7, 2022)
Utah – House Bill 167 (Jan 17, 2022)
Canada – Section 56 Exemption (CDSA) Special Access Program (January 5, 2022)
Washington – Senate Bill 5476 (January 5, 2022)
Port Townsend, WA – Resolution No. 21-088 (December 20, 2021)
Detroit, MI – Proposal E (November 2, 2021)
Seattle, WA – Resolution 32021 (October 4, 2021)
Easthampton, MA – Non-Binding Resolution (October 20, 2021)
Arcata, CA – Resolution 212-17 (October 2021)
Texas – House Bill 1802 (June 18, 2021)
Connecticut – Senate Bill 1083 (June 7, 2021)
Northampton, MA – Resolution R021.207 (March, 18 2021)
New Jersey – Senate Bill S3256 (February 4, 2021)
Cambridge, MA – Policy Order POR 2021 #24 (February 3, 2021)
Washtenaw County, MI – Policy Directive 2021-06 (January 12, 2021)
Somerville, MA – Agenda Item 211137 (January 14, 2021)
Washington D.C. – Initiative Measure 81 (November 3, 2020)
Oregon – Ballot Measure 109 & SB 1580 (November 3, 2020)
Ann Arbor – Resolution 20-1389 (September 21, 2020)
Santa Cruz – Resolution No. NS-26,032 (January 28, 2020)
Oakland, CA – Resolution No. 87731 CMS (June 4, 2019)
Denver, CO – Initiative 301 (May 7, 2019)

Active

Washington – Senate Bill 5660 (Psilocybin Wellness and Opportunity Act) (January 5, 2022)
Virginia – Senate Bill 262 (January 11, 2022)
Washington – Initiative 1922 (March 11, 2022)
Washington – Senate Bill 5476 (2022)
Virginia – House Bill 898 (January 12, 2022)
Kansas – HB 2465 (Legalized Homegrown Mushroom Act of 2022) (January 10, 2022)
Iowa – HF 480 (February 11, 2021)
New York – Bill No. A8569 (December 13, 2021)
New York – A10299 (April 15, 2020) & A6065 (March 8, 2021)
New York – A7109 & S1284 (2020-2021)
Rhode Island – HB 7715 (March 2, 2022)
Hawaii – House Concurrent Resolution No. 17 & S.C.R. No. 208 (March 12, 2021)
Hawaii – SB 2575 (January 21, 2022)
Hawaii – SB 3160 (January 26, 2022)
Oklahoma – HB 3174 (January 19, 2022)
Oklahoma – HB 3414 (January 20, 2022)
Georgia – HR 896 (March 3, 2022)
Pennsylvania – HB 1959 (October 12, 2021)
Hawaii – SCR100 & SR88 (March 23, 2022)
Missouri – HB 2429 (January 1, 2022)
Missouri – HB 2469 (January 18, 2022)
Missouri – HB 2850 (March 1, 2022)
Florida – HB 725 (Collateral Consequences of Convictions and Decriminalization of Cannabis and All Drugs Act) (November 23, 2021)
Florida – SB 348 and HB 193 (Using Alternative Therapies to Treat Mental Health and Other Medical Conditions) (March 14, 2022)
Maryland – HB 1054 & SB 0784 (March 8, 2022)
New York – No. A7928 (June 1, 2021)
Rhode Island – SB 604 (March 11, 2021)
Rhode Island – HB 7896 (March 4, 2022)
Vermont – HB H.309 (February 23, 2021)
Vermont – HB H.422 (March 10, 2021)
Massachusetts – House Bill No. 2119 & House Bill No. 1494 [HD 3439 & SD 2248 (An Act Relative to Harm Reduction and Racial Justice)] (March 29, 2021)
Amherst, MA – Proposal (2022)
Michigan – SB 631 (September 2, 2021)
Michigan – Ballot Initiative amending Public Health Code with Section 333.7462 (February 21, 2022)
Colorado – Initiative 49 & Initiative 50 (December, 2021)
Colorado – Initiative 58 & Initiative 59 (January, 2022)
Boulder, CO – Initiative 61 (January, 2022)

Failed

Florida – HB 549 (The Florida Psilocybin Mental Health Care Act)
Maine – HP 713 (LD 967)
Maine – SP 496 (LD 1582)
Michigan – Decriminalization of Psilocybin Mushrooms and Other Plants and Fungi Initiative (February 2, 2022)
West Virginia – HB 3113 (March 12, 2021)
Iowa – HF 459 (March 3, 2021)
Missouri – HB 1176 (February 18, 2021)
California – SB 519 (February 17, 2021)
Hawaii – SB 738 (January 22, 2021)
Chicago, IL – R2019-735 (January 28, 2020)

Learn More

Research Chemicals

Chemists work with hundreds of research chemicals, and we can expect to see many more as science progresses.

Learn More